Net Zero CO₂ Emission Pathways for South Africa

01 May 2025

This report, commissioned by the Presidential Climate Commission and developed by CSIR and ESRG, explores how South Africa can reach net zero CO₂ emissions by mid-century. It models potential energy and sectoral transitions, assesses socio-economic impacts, and identifies key policy measures to support a just and equitable transition. The analysis highlights practical ‘no-regrets’ options, aligns with global climate goals, and provides insight into how South Africa can reduce emissions while improving air quality, conserving water, and supporting inclusive development.